Ungacabanga ngomhlaba omnyama nomhlophe? Kunzima, akunjalo? Konke okusizungezile kunombala, futhi lapho uphuma uyohamba uhambo oluya entabeni noma olwandle, ubona izinhlobo zamathoni ezahlukahlukene, eziningi zazo Imibala ephakeme.
Umdwebi, noma nini lapho efuna ukwenza umsebenzi wobuciko, kufanele asebenzise uchungechunge lwamasu amelwe ngokuphatha nokuhlanganisa imibala. Futhi ngasendleleni, ukukhomba nokuqaphela imibala kuyigatsha elijabulisa kakhulu. Kunjalo Itholakala kanjani imibala yezinga eliphezulu?.
Iyini imibala ephakeme?
Imibala yezinga eliphezulu umphumela wokuxuba umbala oyinhloko nombala wesibili. Izingxube ezinjengalezi zibangela imibala emaphakathi egcwele ama-nuances. Phakathi kwazo kukhona i-violet ebomvu, i-orange yellow, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ophuzi ophuzi, obomvu o-orange noma o-violet blue, phakathi kwabanye.
Ukuze siwuqonde kangcono lo mbono, kubalulekile ukuthi siwubuyekeze imiphi imibala eyinhloko neyesibili, njengoba imibala ephakeme izalwa ngokuhlangana kwayo.
Imibala eyisisekelo
Imibala eyinhloko yileyo Azikwazi ukubunjwa ngokuxuba eminye imibala. Lezi ziyisisekelo sayo yonke eminye imibala esondweni lombala. Ngakho-ke, ziyimibala eyisisekelo futhi ayikwazi ukukhiqizwa kabusha ngezingxube.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ayikho inkolelo-mbono eyodwa mayelana nokuthi iyini imibala eyinhloko. Kuye ngemodeli esetshenzisiwe, imibala eyinhloko ingase ihluke. Amamodeli emibala ayinhloko yilawa:
- Imodeli ye-RGB (ngesiNgisi red, green y blue): obomvu, oluhlaza okotshani noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Isetshenziswa ekubonisweni kwe-elekthronikhi, le modeli isuselwe ekuxubeni ukukhanya.
- Imodeli ye-CMY (ngesiNgisi i-cyan, magenta, yellow): i-cyan, i-magenta nephuzi. Kuyimodeli esetshenziswa ekuphrinteni.
- Imodeli ye-RYB (ngesiNgisi red, yellow y blue): obomvu, ophuzi noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Yaziwa njengemodeli yendabuko yokudweba nobuciko.
- Umbala oyinhloko ngokwengqondo: igxile endleleni esiyibona ngayo imibala, lapho imibala eyinhloko ibomvu, ephuzi kanye neluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Enye yezinto ezimangaza kakhulu ukwazi ukuthi Uma imibala emithathu eyinhloko ixubene ngokulingana okulinganayo, umbala omnyama utholakala. kumodeli ekhiphayo (esetshenziswa kwezobuciko obuphrintiwe).
Imibala yesibili
Imibala yesibili itholakala ngokuxuba imibala emibili eyinhloko ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo.. Le mibala ibhekwa njengokuhambisana nemibala eyinhloko futhi yenza isigaba sesibili ekudalweni kwesondo lombala.
Imibala yesibili, kuye ngemodeli esetshenzisiwe, yile elandelayo:
- Imodeli ye-RGB: i-cyan, magenta, nephuzi.
- Imodeli ye-CMY: okusawolintshi, okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokububende.
Ngokuxuba le mibala yesibili nama-primaries ahlukene, kutholakala imibala yamabanga aphezulu.
Imibala ephakeme: incazelo kanye nokwakheka
Imibala ephakeme, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, injalo umphumela wokuxuba umbala oyinhloko nombala wesibili oseduze esondweni lombala. Imibala ephakathi ehlinzeka ngezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zama-nuances namathoni futhi iyisisekelo semvelo nobuciko. Le mibala, ingxenye enkulu, yileyo esiyitholayo lapho sibuka indawo yemvelo.
Ezinye izibonelo zezinhlanganisela ezikhiqiza imibala ephakeme yilezi:
- Okuphuzi + okuluhlaza = okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kwepistachio
- Ophuzi + owolintshi = ophuzi weqanda
- UMagenta + owolintshi = obomvu
- IMagenta + violet = nsomi
- I-cyan + violet = indigo
- Okuhlaza okotshani + okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi imibala ephakeme cishe azipheli, njengoba ukulungiswa okuncane ekulinganisweni kwemibala ehlanganisiwe kungakhiqiza ama-shades amaningi. Lokhu kubalulekile emkhakheni wokudweba, ukuklama imidwebo nemfashini.
Liyini isondo lombala?
El indingilizi ye-chromatic Kuyithuluzi elibalulekile lokuqonda ubudlelwano phakathi kwemibala. Kuyi-a ukumelwa okuyingcaca kwemibala ehlelwe kumbuthano, lapho imibala eyinhloko, eyesibili neyesithathu isatshalaliswa ezindaweni ezilinganayo.
Lo mbuthano usalokhu uyinkomba ebalulekile kumaciko, abaklami nabahlobisi. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zesondo lombala, phakathi kwazo esithola kuzo:
- Isondo Losiko Le-Chromatic: Idume ngo-1810 nguGoethe emsebenzini wakhe Ithiyori yombala, ihlanganisa imibala eyisithupha: ophuzi, owolintshi, obomvu, obomvana, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noluhlaza.
- Isondo le-Chromatic Lemvelo: Imele imibala etholakala ekukhanyeni kwemvelo, ngokuvamile eyakhiwe ngemibala engu-12 ebhekene.
Isondo lombala lisetshenziselwa ukudala ukuvumelana kombala, njengoba ikuvumela ukuthi ukhethe izinhlanganisela ezisebenza kahle ndawonye, njengemibala ehambisanayo noma efana nayo. Iwumhlahlandlela obalulekile lapho udala amaphalethi ombala alinganiselayo.
Ukuhluka nokusetshenziswa kwemibala ephakeme
Ngokungeziwe ekuhlanganiseni okuyisisekelo kwemibala yamabanga aphezulu, ukuhluka kwale mibala kuncike ezintweni ezifana nenani lombala ngamunye osetshenzisiwe. Empeleni, imibala yezinga eliphezulu ibalulekile ekudaleni izinguquko ezibushelelezi phakathi kwama-hues agqamile kanye nokwengeza ukujula nokuba ngokoqobo emisebenzini yobuciko.
Isibonelo, kwezobuciko nasekwakhiweni, imibala yezinga eliphezulu ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuthambisa umehluko phakathi kwemibala eyinhloko noma yesibili. Emhlobiso wangaphakathi, zisetshenziselwa ukunikeza imvelo ezindaweni.
Ekukhangiseni nasekukhangiseni, zisetshenziselwa ukuvusa imizwa ethile. Ukusetshenziswa okufanele kwemibala esezingeni eliphakeme kunomthelela ekukhiqizeni isimo esifudumele, esisha noma sobungcweti, kuye ngenjongo yephrojekthi.
Ngakho-ke, uma uthanda ukupenda noma ukuhlola, ungangabazi ukuhlanganisa imibala futhi uqhubeke ufunda mayelana nethiyori yemibala. Amathuba cishe awapheli!